ACLs can be applied to an interface in which manners?

Access Control Lists (ACLs) can be applied to an interface in two primary ways: inbound and outbound. When you apply an ACL to an interface, you specify whether the list should be enforced on packets that are entering the interface (inbound) or leaving the interface (outbound). This distinction is crucial for controlling traffic flow and enhancing network security.

Inbound ACLs filter traffic before it enters the interface, meaning that any packet that meets the criteria defined in the ACL will be permitted or denied before being processed by the router’s routing protocols. On the other hand, outbound ACLs apply to packets that are leaving the interface after the router has determined that the packets should indeed exit that interface.

The ability to specify whether an ACL applies to traffic coming in or going out enables network administrators to enforce security policies effectively, allowing them to control which types of traffic are allowed to enter or leave a given network segment. This is fundamental for maintaining safe and efficient network operations.

Other choices don't accurately reflect how ACLs are applied to interfaces. The terms "Top/Bottom" and "Public/Private" do not describe the directional application of ACLs. "In/Out" is somewhat close, but "inbound" and "outbound" are