In what OSPF state are DR/BDRs elected?

In OSPF (Open Shortest Path First), the election of the Designated Router (DR) and Backup Designated Router (BDR) occurs in the 2-way state. This state is reached after routers have exchanged Hello packets and have identified their neighbors. When routers are in the 2-way state, they know which routers they can communicate with directly, and it is at this point that they determine which router will take on the role of DR and which will be the BDR.

The DR's primary function is to minimize the amount of routing protocol traffic on a multi-access network by acting as a central point for the other routers to communicate. During the 2-way state, routers check if they are eligible to be DR or BDR based on their priorities and router IDs. If multiple routers have the same priority, the router with the highest router ID becomes the DR.

The other states, such as Exchange and Full, are important in the OSPF process but are involved in the packet exchange and routing information synchronization rather than the election of the DR and BDR. The Init state is simply when a router has just sent out its Hello packets and has not yet received responses from its neighbors, making it too early for the election