What is the function of the multicast address 224.0.0.2?

The multicast address 224.0.0.2 is specifically used for communication with all routers on a local network segment. This address is essential for certain network protocols to deliver messages to all routers efficiently without sending individual packets to each one, which would be less efficient and consume more bandwidth.

By using this multicast address, routing protocols such as RIP (Routing Information Protocol) can communicate updates to every router on the local link, allowing for easier network management and quicker convergences during routing updates. This ability to reach all routers simultaneously is vital in maintaining network topology and ensuring that all routers have the most current routing information.

In contrast, other multicast addresses serve different purposes: 224.0.0.1 addresses all nodes on the local network, while 224.0.0.5 targets specific OSPF designated routers (DR) and backup designated routers (BDR). The address used for RIP routers (like 224.0.0.9) further illustrates the distinction between these multicast addresses and their specific functions within networking protocols.