What is the last state in the OSPF neighbor state process?

The last state in the OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) neighbor state process is the Full state. This state indicates that the neighboring routers have completed the exchange of routing information and that a fully adjacent relationship has been established. In this state, both routers have synchronized their link-state databases, meaning they have received and verified all necessary LSAs (Link State Advertisements) from each other. This synchronization is crucial for OSPF to function correctly, as it ensures that both routers have the same view of the network topology.

Once the Full state is reached, the routers can effectively utilize their routing tables to make forwarding decisions, ensuring that routing changes are reflected promptly and accurately across the network. This is a key aspect of OSPF's operation, which relies on accurate and up-to-date information about the network for optimal routing.